परवर्ती जैन हिन्दी काव्य पर 'भगवती आराधना' का प्रभाव
Summary
The article examines the influence of the Jain text "Bhagavati Aradhana" by Acharya Shivarya on later Hindi Jain poetry. It argues that this text has been continuously read and revered since its creation and has significantly impacted subsequent literary works. The author provides multiple examples from medieval Hindi Jain literature to demonstrate this influence. A key example is the work of poet Pandit Daulatram, whose "Chhahdhala" contains verses that closely mirror the original Prakrit gathas of "Bhagavati Aradhana," appearing as near word-for-word translations. Similar parallels are drawn with the poetry of Dyanatray, whose "Dashalakshana Dharma Puja" reflects the text's themes of bodily impurity. The poetry of Mangatray, particularly his "Barah Bhavana," also shows clear influence, with verses on impermanence and solitude echoing the source text. The 18th-century poet Mahakavi Bhudhardas, in his epic "Parshvapurana," incorporates verses on the insatiability of desires that are directly comparable to gathas from "Bhagavati Aradhana." Furthermore, the work "Samadhimaran Path Bhasha" by Sur Chand is noted as being entirely based on the text. The article highlights that certain gathas from "Bhagavati Aradhana," such as those describing the five senses leading to destruction, have inspired numerous Hindi poets, including Daulatram in his "Daulat Vilas." The conclusion asserts that "Bhagavati Aradhana" served as a foundational text for later Hindi Jain literature, comparable in importance to other major Jain scriptures.
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Conclusion
The analysis demonstrates that "Bhagavati Aradhana" served as a foundational text for later Jain Hindi poetry, with its influence extending across multiple major poets and their works. The documented parallels between the Prakrit source and Hindi compositions by Daulatram, Dyanatray, Mangatray, Bhudhardas, and Surchand reveal systematic borrowing of themes, metaphors, and even direct translations of verses. This indicates that later poets not only studied the text deeply but internalized its philosophical framework, particularly regarding renunciation, impermanence, and sensory restraint. The outcome is a cohesive literary tradition where "Bhagavati Aradhana" functions as a unifying doctrinal and stylistic reference point, ensuring continuity of Jain ethical teachings across linguistic transitions. The evidence suggests this text was as influential as other major Jain scriptures in shaping medieval Hindi religious poetry, establishing a direct lineage of thought from Prakrit to vernacular expression.