Book Review: A Comprehensive History of Jainism Vol II (1000 A.D. to 1600 A.D.)
Summary
Jyoti Prasad Jain’s book review examines Dr. Asim Kumar Chatterjee’s “A Comprehensive History of Jainism, Volume II,” which covers the period 1000–1600 A.D. The reviewer first outlines Chatterjee’s credentials as a reader in Calcutta University’s Department of Ancient History and Culture and notes his earlier works, including Volume I of the series. Volume I attempted a continuous history of Jainism up to 1000 A.D., discussing Parsvanatha and Mahavira, the spread of Jainism across India, the Svetambara and Digambara literatures and prominent thinkers. Volume II continues the narrative for the next six centuries in seven chapters. In Section A of Chapter 1, Chatterjee surveys eminent Jain gurus and laymen and the patronage they received from the Solanki/Caulukya kings and Baghela rulers. Section B (pages 39–54) treats Jainism in Rajasthan between 1000 and 1300. The reviewer deems Chapter I well‑documented but criticises the approach adopted in Chapter II, which examines Jainism in South India (1000–1300 A.D.). Chatterjee changes his pattern and organises the discussion district‑by‑district, relying on epigraphic records for Gulbarga, Raichur, Bijapur, Belgaum, Dharwar, Shimoga, Chitradurga, Tumkur, Hassan, Mandya and Mysore. Jyoti Prasad Jain argues that this pick‑and‑choose method sacrifices coherence and continuity and fails to provide a dynasty‑wise or reign‑wise narrative. Chapter III, covering Jainism in North India from 1300–1600 A.D., is seen as sketchy; while it lists areas such as Gujarat, Rajasthan and other northern regions, it omits notable laymen like Bhamā Shah and reformers such as Taranaswami, Lonka Shah and Kadua Shah. Chapter IV continues the South Indian narrative into the Vijayanagar period (1300–1600 A.D.) but repeats the earlier pattern and fails to highlight the empire’s contributions to Jainism. Chapters V and VI discuss Svetambara and Digambara literature of 1000–1600 A.D. Out of roughly 300 known Svetambara authors, only about 50 are mentioned; of more than 600 Digambara authors, only thirty‑six are listed. The reviewer observes that ample material is available and accessible, so the selective treatment appears arbitrary. He suggests arranging the material chronologically or by language/subject rather than under sectarian heads. Chapter VII provides brief notices of 290 Jain tirthas (holy places) but omits numerous important sites such as Ahar, Banpur, Candpur, Canderi, Dubkund, Dudhai, Gyaraspur and Udayagiri. Throughout the book, the reviewer notes confusion of identities, contradictions, discrepancies, printing errors, poor paper and an excessive price. Consequently, he concludes that the volume is compiled in a slip‑shod manner and does not live up to its title. Despite these criticisms, Jyoti Prasad Jain acknowledges that Chatterjee’s work is a welcome addition to historical literature on Jainism and deserves congratulations. He expresses hope that the forthcoming Volume III, which will address Jain philosophy and art, will offer a more comprehensive treatment.
Summary reviewed by a volunteer editor.
Conclusion
Jyoti Prasad Jain’s review recognises the ambition of Chatterjee’s second volume but argues that it falls short of being comprehensive. While the early chapter on Jain gurus and laymen is well‑documented, subsequent chapters become fragmentary, with district‑wise lists and notable omissions. The selective treatment of literary figures and tirthas, numerous errors and production flaws further detract from its value. Nevertheless, the reviewer concedes that the book enriches Jainological studies and eagerly awaits a more thorough treatment in Volume III.