Teachings of Lord Mahavira

This short piece summarises the basic teachings of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, whose reformulation of Jainism in the 6th century BCE shaped the religion’s ethical core. Mahavira taught principles that remain relevant today: ahimsa (non‑violence), anekantavada (multiplicity of viewpoints), aparigraha (non‑possession), asteya (non‑stealing) and brahmacharya (chaste living). He emphasised that every soul is equal and that humility is essential for liberation. His insistence that truth can be approached from many angles underpins the Jain doctrine of syadvada, encouraging tolerance and intellectual humility. The article explains how Mahavira’s teachings extend non‑violence beyond humans to all living beings; followers avoid harming insects and plants and practise careful consumption. Mahavira’s rejection of caste distinctions and his itinerant preaching illustrate his egalitarianism and renunciation. The piece briefly describes the two major Jain sects—the Shvetambara and Digambara—and shows how both trace their ethical practices to Mahavira’s rules. The article urges readers to reflect on the timeless relevance of these values in a world facing violence, greed and ecological destruction.

Summary reviewed by a volunteer editor.