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Dharmapala's Sammaditthi and New Buddhism

By Benoy Kumar Sarkar

Vol. 127 · No. 1September 2020pp. 77–78English
Dharmapala's Life

Summary

Dharmapala, a Ceylonese Buddhist figure, advocated for a modern, practical approach to Buddhism grounded in Sammaditthi, or right observation, emphasizing direct engagement with life's realities. He recognized the interconnectedness of Ceylon, India, and Burma within broader Buddhist Asia, promoting a revitalized Buddhism that transcended traditional textual and archaeological confines. His travels to East Asia led him to advocate for adopting Japan's vibrant Mahayana Buddhism, which he saw as a living tradition akin to ancient Indian Buddhism, characterized by energism and focus on the present. This perspective positioned him as a key figure in fostering Young Asia, a movement promoting cultural cooperation and equality among diverse races and faiths. Dharmapala's efforts materialized in institutions like the Maha Bodhi Society in Calcutta and the planned International Buddhist University in Sarnath, Benares, serving as hubs for pan-Asian collaboration. As a hero of action, he embodied the Vedic ideals of relentless progress and international peace, aligning with contemporaries like Vivekananda to advance a vision of global brotherhood and mutual respect, marking a shift from Euro-American domination to a new era of equitable cultural exchange.

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Conclusion

Dharmapala’s life and work exemplify the transformative power of Sammaditthi, or right observation, as he bridged cultural and religious divides across Asia. By recognizing Ceylon, India, and Burma as integral to a broader Buddhist identity and advocating for the revitalization of Buddhism through the dynamic, living traditions of Japan, he fostered a new, practical approach to the faith. His efforts laid the groundwork for pan-Asian collaboration, evident in initiatives like the Maha Bodhi Society and the International Buddhist University, which united diverse cultures under shared spiritual and intellectual pursuits. Dharmapala’s legacy as a hero of action and apostle of peace transcends national boundaries, promoting equality, freedom, and mutual respect in a new age of global interconnectedness. His life challenges domination and reimagines Buddhism as a force for daily life, leaving an enduring impact on Asia and the world.

Key passages

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  • “Dharmapala gave concrete evidence of his right observation or proper understanding of the realities of the world when he discovered the truths, first, the Ceylon is today a part of Greater India, and secondly, that India, Ceylon and Burma are integrally associated with the rest of Buddhist Asia.”
  • “This new Buddhism is not the Buddhism that is to be discovered in old Pali, Sanskrit, Tibetan, Chinese, Burmese and other texts or archaeological monuments but the Buddhism as an instrument of daily life and the actual realities.”
  • “Young Asia is today self-conscious enough, thanks to the activities of men like Vivekananda and Dharmapala at home and abroad, to dead Euro-America to acquire some of the Sammadittihi and to feel that, after all, a new age has made its appearance.”

Works cited in this article

  1. Chinese Religion through Hindu Eyes (Shanghai)

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Reviews

By Ananda Kentish Coomaraswamy, Satkari Mookherjree, Mano Mohan Ghosh, Benoy Kumar Sarkar, U. N. Ghoshal, Dhirendra Chandra Ganguly, Chintaharan Chakravarti, Batakrishna Ghosh, Vidhushekhara Bhattacharya, Jagadish Narayan Sarkar

June - 1935

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