In this miscellany note, the author responds to Dr. Ananda Coomaraswamy’s criticisms of the diffusionist hypothesis regarding the origin of the Mauryan bell‑shaped capital. Coomaraswamy questioned…
The debate on the origin of the bell-capital centers on whether its design derives from the lotus symbol in Indian iconography or external influences. Scholars like Coomaraswamy argue for an Indian…
The bell-capital from Bhuvanesvara, discovered west of the Ramesvara temple, is an early example of Orissan art and architecture. Likely dating to the 1st century BCE, it shows Mauryan influences but…
Mauryan art (c. 322–185 BCE) is characterized by polished stone sculptures, primarily animal figures and columns with flower-shaped capitals, often featuring lions, bulls, or elephants. These works,…