Relations Between the Calukyas of Gujarat With the Bhatis of Jaisalmer
Summary
Ram Vallabh Somani’s article examines the historical relations between the Calukyas of Gujarat and the Bhatis of Jaisalmer, arguing that their relationship remained cordial, with the Gujarat rulers providing crucial military assistance to the Bhatis during internal succession disputes. The main argument is supported by a synthesis of regional chronicles, inscriptions, and historical accounts. The author relies heavily on the Jaisalmer Khyat and Tawarikh-Raj-Jaisalmer, which narrate that Vijayraj, a Bhatti ruler, approached the powerful Calukya king Kumarpal of Gujarat for help against his brother, the rebellious Jaissal. The text notes that Vijayraj was married to the daughter of Siddhraj Jaisimha of Gujarat, and the epithet "Lanja" was given to him due to his prodigality. The author also cites the Bhatti-Vamsa Prasasti, which states that Dusad appointed Vijayraj as his successor, prompting Jaissal to capture areas of Tanot and Sind and harass the local populace. The primary evidence consists of two key inscriptions. The Kiradu inscription of VE 1218 proves that Somesvar-Paramar of Kiradu invaded Tanot Nosar and Ucca, defeating the refractory chief Jaissal, and subsequently passed through Jaisalmer territory under Vijayraj Lanja without hindrance, thereby assisting him. The Olam inscription of VE 1239 (April 25, 1183 AD) further demonstrates the Calukya suzerainty over the region and records the presence of the Gujarat army, led by Prime Minister Jagdeva Pratihar, passing through Jaisalmer en route to Nagaur. The author also mentions the Prithviraj-Cauhan and his Times and the History of Jaisalmer to contextualize the military campaigns and the political dynamics of the era.
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Conclusion
The historical interactions between the Calukyas of Gujarat and the Bhatis of Jaisalmer reveal a complex yet fundamentally cordial relationship that shaped the political landscape of medieval Western India. The primary findings demonstrate that the Calukyas, particularly under rulers like Kumarpal and Bhimdev, actively assisted the Bhatis of Jaisalmer against internal rebellions, notably by supporting Vijayraj in his conflict with the defiant chief Jaissal. This alliance was cemented through matrimonial ties and facilitated safe military transit through Jaisalmer's territory. The significance of these relations lies in the strategic alliance that ensured regional stability and reinforced the suzerainty of the Calukyas, while allowing the Bhatis to consolidate their power. Ultimately, this partnership highlights a pragmatic political cooperation that successfully managed regional threats and preserved the sovereignty of the Bhatis during a turbulent era.