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अष्टपाहुडों का काव्यशास्त्रीय अध्ययन

By डॉ. उदयचन्द्र जैन

Vol. 26 · No. 0April - 2013 - 2014pp. 28–43Hindi

Summary

This PDF presents a poetic and literary study of the eight "Pahud" texts (Ashtapahud) by Acharya Kundakunda. These texts, composed in Prakrit verse, are considered gifts of doctrine that elucidate the nature of the soul and the path to liberation. The study analyzes the eight individual Pahuds: Darshanapahud, Suttapahud, Charitrapahud, Bohapahud, Bhavapahud, Mokshapahud, Lingapahud, and Silagunapahud. Each text focuses on a specific aspect of spiritual discipline, such as right faith, conduct, or knowledge, aiming to reveal the pure nature of the self. The primary meter used is the Gatha, with variations including Anushtup, Vipula, and Chapala. The text provides a detailed classification of Gatha types based on the number of guru (heavy) and laghu (light) syllables, listing twenty-seven varieties such as Lakshmi, Riddhi, and Buddhi. Examples from each Pahud are given to illustrate these metrical forms. The study also examines the aesthetic qualities of the poetry, identifying the dominant Shanta rasa (peaceful sentiment) while noting the presence of other rasas like Shringara (erotic), Hasya (comic), Karuna (pathetic), Raudra (furious), Bhayanaka (terrible), Vibhatsa (odious), Adbhuta (marvelous), and Vatsalya (affectionate). Furthermore, it discusses the use of literary figures (alankaras) such as Anuprasa (alliteration), Upama (simile), and Rupaka (metaphor), which arise naturally from the text's spiritual content. The analysis concludes that Acharya Kundakunda's poetry, through its rhythmic structure and profound meaning, guides the reader towards detachment, pure consciousness, and the ultimate goal of liberation.

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Conclusion

The analysis of Ācārya Kundakunda's *Aṣṭapāhuḍa* reveals that these eight spiritual gifts are not merely doctrinal texts but sophisticated poetic compositions. The detailed examination of their metrical structures, including the 27 varieties of *Gāthā* and the use of *Anuṣṭup* and *Vipulā* meters, demonstrates a deliberate artistic design aimed at enhancing both aesthetic pleasure and spiritual efficacy. The presence of multiple *rasas*, particularly the dominant *Śānta rasa*, alongside *Śṛṅgāra*, *Hāsya*, and *Karuna*, shows that these works engage the full spectrum of human emotion to guide the reader toward detachment and self-realization. The natural integration of *alaṅkāras* like *anupraāsa* and *upamā* further enriches the text, making it a vehicle for profound philosophical insight. Ultimately, this

Key passages

Chosen by AI from the article's text. Each one is checked word for word against the text before it is shown.

  • “भाव समन्वित, भाव प्रबन्ध यदि आत्महित के साथ शब्द और अर्थ के काव्य निश्चित रूप से आत्मा की विशुद्धता को दशति हैं तो प्रज्ञात्मा आनंदरूप भी प्रदान करता है।”

    When a poetic composition is integrated with sentiment, if the word and meaning poetry with self-benefit certainly show the purity of the soul, then the soul of wisdom also provides bliss.

  • “आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द एक ऐसे ही परमागम के रचनाकार हैं जिनके काव्य "पाहुड रूप में प्रसिद्ध ह। 'पाहुड' सिद्धान्त જે उपहार हैं, सिद्धान्त के स्वरूप का प्रतिपादन करनेवाले काव्य हैं।”

    Acharya Kundakunda is a composer of such a supreme scripture whose poetry is famous in the form of 'Pahud'. 'Pahud' are the principles that are gifts, poetry that present the nature of the principle.

  • “अट्टपाहुड और उनका काव्यात्मक मूल्यांकन - आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द ने વિવિધ પક્ષ युक्त पाहुड ग्रन्थों की रचना की है। वे सभी अध्यात्म जगत મેં 'अट्टपाहुड' नाम से नहीं, अपितु 'पाहुड' नाम से जाने जाते हैं।”

    Eight Pahuds and their poetic evaluation - Acharya Kundakunda has composed various Pahud texts containing different viewpoints. All of them in the spiritual world are not known as 'Eight Pahuds', but rather as 'Pahud'.

Works cited in this article

  1. भावप्प-भावबंधगं
  2. सहत्थ-सहिदं कल्वं
  3. अप्पाणंद विसुद्धगं
  4. सुत्तपाहुड
  5. प्राकृत पैंगलमू

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Vol. 26 · No. 0
6प्रकाशकीयआचार्य कुन्दकुन्द8–11सम्पादकीयडॉ. कमलचन्द सोगाणी12–27अष्टपाहुड : एक विहंगावलोकनडॉ. हुकमचन्द भारिल्ल28–43अष्टपाहुडों का काव्यशास्त्रीय अध्ययनडॉ. उदयचन्द्र जैनCurrent article44–54आचार्य कुन्दकुन्द कृत 'अष्टपाहुड' में 'जीवन-मूल्य'डॉ. प्रेमचन्द्र रांवका55धम्मो दयाविसुद्धोडॉ. कमलचन्द सोगाणी56–67आचार्य श्री कुन्दकुन्द एवं उनका दर्शनपाहुडडॉ. कुलदीपकुमार68–73दर्शनपाहुड : एक अध्ययनडॉ. कस्तूरचन्द जैन “सुमन”74–77जैन अध्यात्म योग का महत्त्वपूर्ण ग्रन्थ : मोक्षपाहुडडॉ. अनेकान्तकुमार जैन78–83मुनिराज ही जिनबिम्ब एवं जिनप्रतिमाडॉ. (श्रीमती) कुसुम पटोरिया84–92अष्टपाहुड में श्रमण और श्रमणाभासडॉ. (कु.) आराधना जैन93परिणामादो बंधो मुक्खोडॉ. कमलचन्द सोगाणी94–99अष्टपाहुड और जैन साधुडॉ. राजेन्द्रकुमार बंसल

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